Profil von Hou紫罗兰.FinlandBlogListenNetzwerk Extras Hilfe

Hou

Windows Media Player

紫罗兰.Finland

喜欢没有理由
24 Februar

王尔德:一只唯美的细腰蜂

    
    前段时间拜读了Oscar Wilde的一些作品,对他“似非而是”的驳论佩服得五体投地,但是本人实在是词藻匮乏,只会欣赏不会评析。不过最近在网上倒是找到一篇写得不错的评论(附他的生平介绍),于是将它搬到了这里。
 
    奥斯卡·王尔德入狱之后,据萧伯纳说,他弟弟威利是这样为老哥辩解的:“奥斯卡并不是个品格败坏的家伙,不管在哪儿你都可以放心地把女人交给他。"考虑到萧伯纳对这位爱尔兰同乡兼戏剧家同行既羡慕又嫉妒,这话说不定是他捏造的,可是捏造得也真漂亮,恰好用了王尔德最拿手的悖论形式:谁不知道王尔德是因为同性恋才给关进监牢里去的呢。

  要知道克林顿总统给军中同性恋解禁的事儿,王尔德准会后悔自己早生了一百年。虽然王尔德曾经夸张地说,犯罪是现代生活中惟一的亮点,他自己犯的至多也不过是“风化罪",被判两年监禁,算得上被“严打"了。

  话说回来,王尔德伤害了自己的妻儿。他的妻子后来伤心死去,他的儿子隐名埋姓地过活。此外,他的“腻友"道格拉斯的父亲昆士布瑞侯爵也并非不值得同情。看过《美国丽人》这片子的,一定忘不了那位退休海军军官浑身湿透地抱着男主角————他以为是儿子的同性恋买家————而恨极泣下的震撼镜头。在后脑勺上给他一枪,昆士布瑞侯爵也是这么想的。当日王尔德昏了头,先向法庭控告侯爵侮辱人格,却被后者反控。他本该清楚舆论的倾向的。

  “如今是这样的年代,读得太多而没时间欣赏,写得太多而没时间思想。”王尔德当年感叹道。他天女散花似的妙语隽言警句怪论,让全世界足足受用了一百年,但欣赏他的人也会说,他的思想远不够深刻和博大。当然,一个胸佩铃兰花的唯美主义者,本来就与深刻博大的思想无缘。我们不能向一只细腰蜂去要求犀牛角。

  王尔德这只嗡嗡的细腰蜂,专挑细皮嫩肉的上流社会客厅里的众男女下口。男人当然不在话下:“男人啊越变越老,绝不会越变越好。”“什么东西我都能抵抗,除了诱惑。”女人更糟:“女人对许多事情生来就很精明。除了显而易见的东西,什么也瞒不了她们。”“昨晚她胭脂搽得太多而衣服又穿得太少,这在女人向来是绝望的表示。”“坏女人给我麻烦。好女人使我厌烦。”恋爱与婚姻也成了王尔德开涮的最佳材料:“恋爱总是以自欺开始,以欺人告终。”“男人结婚是因为疲倦,女人结婚是因为好奇。”“女人再嫁是因为讨厌原来的丈夫,男人再娶是因为太爱原来的妻子。”

  《道连·格雷的画像》中,写亨利勋爵故意拿一个念头变戏法,给它涂上幻想的颜色,为它插上悖论的翅膀,将它播弄成了“哲学”,而“事实”却受了“哲学”的惊吓作鸟兽散。但作者忘了添一句说,一个筋斗翻过来,“事实”又回到“哲学”的身旁。这就是王尔德的paradox的艺术,傅孝先认为,这个词不翻成“似是而非",而应译为“似非而是"。在王尔德的场合尤其如此。调情不是两个人的隐私么?他说得好:“女人可以跟任何人调情,只要有旁人看见。"日记不是一个人的秘密么?他写得更妙:“这里面记录的不过是一个很年轻的女孩子私下的感想和印象,所以呢,是准备出版的。"最匪夷所思的翻案文章,要数《理想丈夫》里的那一句“他恋家的样子简直像个单身汉。"单身汉的家居然可恋,仅仅因为他是单身!王尔德下面的话有点儿邪了:“一旦男人荒废了对家庭的责任就没了丈夫气。我不喜欢这样的男人,"《不可儿戏》里的少女关多琳说,“他们太动人了。”

  王尔德就这样,将一切流行观念玩弄于股掌之上。他最有名的颠覆之举,是他在《谎言的衰朽》一文中所说的,生活模仿艺术,胜过艺术模仿生活。他用悖论揭示的真理,委实很难反驳。当然,总的来说,王尔德的艺术属于马蒂斯所谓“安乐椅的艺术”———亨利勋爵只要出场,就总是半躺在丝绸垫子的圈椅上。别看王尔德对上流社会的客厅中人极尽嘲弄之能事,他本质上还是属于这个客厅,所以他的蜂刺,顶多痒而不痛。但两年的监禁使他沦入深渊,而深渊使他深刻。在他生涯的最后,他恨不得“连根拔起那轻蔑的舌头"。在客厅里,亨利勋爵曾经说,对伦敦东区(贫民窟)的关心不过是庸人自扰;在监牢里,王尔德终于忏悔道,他早该留意阳光照不到的“花园的另一半”。

  王尔德与中国新文学结缘甚早。在鲁迅眼里,他属于异域“世纪末的果汁”中的一份。1924年洪深改编的《少奶奶的扇子》在上海演出,一时好评如潮。丁西林等剧作家深受他影响,便有了不少君子和淑女在戏台上竞逞其巧舌。如果不限文类,那么这一百年里,中国作家谁最像王尔德呢?也许,林语堂有其幽默,而不免矜持;梁实秋同样尖刻,但失之油滑;钱锺书《围城》的心思之灵慧、口角之波俏,与王尔德真能分庭抗礼,可是钱氏大约不会喜欢这么比照吧。

  在我个人看来,张爱玲的行事行文倒是大有王尔德之风。王尔德素以智力上的优势为傲,张爱玲也是“不聪明的人她就不喜"(胡兰成语);两人都喜欢奇装异服地招摇于人前,在擅长自我包装方面堪称合璧;两人的文字,色彩都丰富而敏感,只不过张爱玲调子偏灰一些;最主要的一点,张爱玲那种皮里阳秋爱损人的特点,简直算得上女“王"了。举一个例子。张爱玲也像王尔德一样,对衣饰作为个人心情及时代精神的表征别有会心:“她的发式和服装都经过缜密的研究,是流行的式样与回忆之间的微妙的妥协。"“宽袍大袖的,端凝的妇女现在发现太福相了是不行的,做个薄命的人反倒于她们有利。"都活脱脱像是王尔德的口吻。张爱玲1990年发表的最后一篇文章,还引到王尔德的名言:“好美国人死了上巴黎。”

  “才,所以装点世界;情,所以粉饰乾坤。"一百年来,王尔德以他卓绝的才情颠倒了众生。有人问温斯顿·邱吉尔,来生最愿意与谁订交倾谈,这位一直活到91岁的“语言巨子"想到的正是那个46岁就死掉的牛津才子。“奥斯卡·王尔德",他说。
 
生平

王尔德生于爱尔兰都柏林的一个家世卓越的家庭,是家中的次子,全名为:奥斯卡·芬葛·欧佛雷泰·威尔斯·怀尔德(Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde)。他的父亲威廉姆·怀尔德爵士是一个外科医生,他的母亲是一位诗人与作家。

王尔德自都柏林圣三一学院(Trinity College)毕业后,获得奖学金,于1874年进入牛津大学莫德林学院(Magdalen College)学习。在牛津,王尔德受到了沃尔特·佩特及约翰·拉斯金的审美观念影响,并接触了新黑格尔哲学达尔文进化论拉斐尔前派的作品,这为他之后成为唯美主义先锋作家确立了方向。

在出版首本《诗集》后,他在文坛开始崭露头角,并来到伦敦发展。虽然年轻的王尔德还没有获得一个文学奖项,但服装惹眼、谈吐机智、特立独行的他在伦敦社交界已经小有名气,一些杂志甚至刊登着讽刺他的文章。

1882年,王尔德在美国作了一个精彩的巡回讲座,两年后他与康斯坦斯·劳埃德(Constance Lloyd)成婚,两个儿子西里尔(Cyril)与维维恩(Vyvyan)亦分别在1885年与1886年出生。

1887年,王尔德成为一家妇女杂志的执行总编辑,在杂志上发表了他的一些小说、评论和诗。王尔德的作品以其词藻华美、立意新颖和观点鲜明闻名,他的第一本小说《道林·格雷的画像》发表于1891年,之后他又发表了散文《社会主义下人的灵魂》,这两部作品都十分成功,但真正为王尔德赢得名誉的是他的戏剧作品。可以说他的每一部戏剧作品都受着热烈的欢迎,有一个时期,伦敦的舞台上竟同时上演着他的三部作品。他的这些佳构剧被称为自谢里丹的《造谣学校》以来最优秀的喜剧作品。

19世纪末的维多利亚女王时代,英国上流社会新旧风尚的冲突激烈。王尔德的自由作风和大胆的政治作风很快使他成为了这场冲突的牺牲品。1895年,昆斯贝理侯爵(Marquess of Queensberry)因儿子阿尔弗莱德·道格拉斯(Lord Alfred Douglas; 别名“波西(Bosie)”)与王尔德交往而令到父子不和,并公然斥责王尔德是一个鸡奸者(当时尚未诞生“同性恋”这个名词)。

对此,愤怒的阿尔弗莱德叫王尔德立刻上诉,告侯爵败坏他的名誉。结果王尔德上诉失败,更被反告曾“与其他男性发生有伤风化的行为” (committing acts of gross indecency with other male persons)。根据当时英国1855年苛刻的刑事法修正案第11部分,王尔德被判有罪,在瑞丁和本顿维尔监狱服了两年苦役。这两年,王尔德停止了戏剧创作,在狱中写下了诗作《瑞丁监狱之歌》和书信集《深渊书简》。在这两部作品中,他的风格发生了转变,已很难寻得唯美主义的影响。在王尔德服刑期间,妻子康斯坦斯与两个孩子改姓为荷兰德(Holland),移居意大利,而他社交界和文学界的大多数朋友都对他避之唯恐不及。只有寥寥数人如剧作家萧伯纳仍挺身维护他。

1897年获释后,王尔德立刻动身前往巴黎,对于英国他失望透顶,不再有丝毫留恋。其後他为了两名孩子曾尝试与康斯坦斯復合,但阿尔弗莱德亦同时表示想与王尔德重归如好,最後王尔德放弃两名孩子而选择了阿尔弗莱德。王尔德在以化名居住法国期间完成并出版了《瑞丁监狱之歌》,之后与阿尔弗莱德同游意大利。但几个月後,两人再次分手。

1900年王尔德终於在好友罗伯特.“罗比”·罗斯(Robert 'Robbie' Ross)帮助下改信天主教。同年11月30日因病于巴黎的阿尔萨斯旅馆(Hôtel d’Alsace)去世,享年46岁,死时只有罗比与另一朋友陪伴。他在巴黎的墓地,按照他在诗集《斯芬克斯》中的意象,雕刻成了一座小小的狮身人面像。

20世纪末,在遭到毁誉近一个世纪以后,英国终于给了王尔德树立雕像的荣誉。1998年11月30日,由麦姬·汉姆林雕塑的王尔德雕像在伦敦特拉法尔加广场附近的阿德莱德街揭幕。雕像的标题为“与奥斯卡·王尔德的对话”,同时刻有王尔德常被引用的语录:“我们都处在沟中,但是其中一些人在仰望着天空中的星星。”(We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.)

王尔德的审判是英国司法史上最引人注目的案件之一,也是同性恋平权运动史上被引用最多的案件之一。在同性恋不再被视为异端、被普遍接受的20世纪末、21世纪初,他成了同性恋社群的一个文化偶像。

代表作品

小说

* 《道林·格雷的画像》(The Picture of Dorian Gray,1891年)

童话集

* 《快乐王子和其他故事》(The Happy Prince and Other Tales,1888年)

* 《石榴屋》(A House of Pomegranates,1891年)

诗作

* 《诗集》(Poems,1881年)

* 《斯芬克斯》(Sphinx,1894年)

* 《瑞丁监狱之歌》(The Ballad of Reading Gaol,1898年)

剧本

* 《薇拉》(Vera,1880年)

* 《温德密尔夫人的扇子》(Lady Windermere`s Fan,1892年。又译《温夫人的扇子》、《少奶奶的扇子》)

* 《帕都瓦公爵夫人》(The Duchess of Padua,1893年)

* 《莎乐美》(Salomé,1893年)(原著用法语写成)

* 《无足轻重的女人》(A Woman of No Importance,1892年)(1893年Theatre Royal Haymarket首演)

* 《真诚最要紧》(The Importance of Being Earnest,1895年)

* 《理想的丈夫》(An Ideal Husband,1895年。又译《好丈夫》)

其他著作

* 散文集:《社会主义下人的灵魂》(The Soul of Man Under Socialism,1891年。)

* 书信集:《深渊书简》(De Profundis,1897年。又译《自深深处》、《王尔德狱中记》原本是作者写给道格拉斯的书信集,1905年作者死后出版)

王尔德作品在中国的影响

* 建筑师王大闳先生将《道林·格雷的画像》译写为《杜连魁》,场景亦转换为当时的台北
    王尔德真正的文学生涯从1888年起到1894年止,只持续七年时间。1887年,他就任《妇女世界》主编,直到1889年辞职。王尔德第一部值得纪念的著作,是1888年出版的《快乐王子》。引人注目的是,它对儿童和成人都很有吸引力。1891年,王尔德惟一的长篇小说《道连·格雷的画像》问世,英国报章几乎众口一词地予以谴责。王尔德最妙趣横生的随笔集,是他的《意图集》。占全书一半以上篇幅的《作为艺术家的批评家》,副标题是“论无所事事的重要”。1892年,王尔德自称“带有粉红灯罩的摩登沙龙剧作”《温德米尔夫人的扇子》在圣詹姆斯剧院上演并大获成功。1895年1月3日,《一个理想的丈夫》首演;2月14日,《认真的重要》首演。两部戏均观众如云、好评如潮。4月,王尔德因“有伤风化”罪入狱,被判服苦役两年。1900年11月30日,王尔德因脑膜炎病逝于巴黎美术大街13号阿尔萨斯旅馆。

  《道连·格雷的画像》的创作,就像王尔德生命中众多的事件一样,实在是偶然促成的:王尔德和阿瑟·柯南·道尔同美国出版商J·M·斯托达特一起聚餐,斯托达特席间委托他们为《利平科特月刊》撰稿。王尔德完成的是《道连·格雷的画像》,柯南·道尔写的则是《四签名》。

  最早汉译王尔德的是周作人。他将王尔德译为淮尔德。在周氏兄弟1909年编译的《域外小说集》中,开篇即是《安乐王子》(即《快乐王子》)。(文/江弱水)
 
 
 
 
 

 
27 November

一个伟大的编剧就是这么产生和阵亡的

       今天写作课老师让我们分四组写个短剧,剧情大抵是这样的。一个男的在舞会上认识了两姐妹,姐妹两个分别向男的写了表白信,姐姐被告知对方已经喜欢上他妹妹,最后是有个女的向这两姐妹写了一封威胁信宣称这男的是她丈夫。具体细节由我们自己编。我们组申请了最后一幕也就是写威胁信。因为半个小时不到就要把它写出来,所以要求字数不要很多。
     
     根据多年看漫画、电视剧的经验,我脑子里瞬间涌现了各种可能的情况,比如这女的是不是真正的老婆等等。不在现场的人简直难以想象我当时口抹横飞,眉飞色舞、拍桌子叫板的样子,活像是我老公被人抢了。各种威胁台词如滔滔江水。。。那个啥,那个啥。。。
    
     慷慨陈词了一大段之后,有同学在旁边拉了拉我的袖子(由于太激动我已经站起来了。。。现在才想通为什么写完后我们前面一组的人会用那种眼神看我。。。>_<)说:“那个,你编这么多准备怎么翻成英语?我们只剩十五分钟不到了”
    
     倒,平时然我上台讲个五分钟都得打上一晚上的手稿,怎么救这么一会儿我就飚了一刻钟呢?真的叫人的潜能是无限的啊,只是看什么时候被激发(某人:都是借用的一些琼瑶式的烂台词,还在那自鸣得意的更个编导似的,小样儿!)
    
     最后等信写完后,发现那十五分钟我真真正正是在讲废话——我的构思咋就一点都没用上捏?实在是。。。一个伟大的编剧就是这么产生然后阵亡了
 
 
其实写作课远没有这么精彩,实在是生活无聊,写东西时就想让生活显得有趣点,总归就是在现实基础上瞎款,呵呵
  
 
 
 
23 November

寂寞

     最近我正在颓废中挣扎着奋起,偶是电脑小白,还是一个很懒的小白(某人:人家说笨鸟先飞,你居然还是只不想飞的笨鸟!)某人某天拿出一弓,所谓箭在弦上不的不发,于是我就被射出来了——朋友主动帮我申请了space,实在不忍自己的鸟窝这么寒酸,所以大清早某笨鸟就在这里写日志了(某人:快吃中饭了好吧!碎碎念。。。)
     这两天在网上看了一些朋友的space, 不知道是不是物以类聚人以群分,咋几个朋友最近写的东西这么郁闷呢?偶也郁闷了
     前两天和室友说起寂寞,总结说人的一生都是寂寞的。基本上本人是寂寞威胁论的忠实拥护者。。。。。。
但是,每当我想到只要我回头就能看见家就能看见朋友,无论在那里无论何时,他们一定会支持我, 一年两年不联系也好,我们的联系是不会变的,我就不觉得寂寞了。
     以前我很怕寂寞, 在学校里行单影只会有一种被世界遗弃的错觉。而现在不知为什么已经找不到当初的恐慌了
有次上课,有同学问我对爱情的看法,我说没有爱情我可以生活得很好,但没有友情我是活不下去的。
     江南说“没有朋友的人生活在社会里就像一个没有穿衣的人站在人群中”——茫然、恐惧、羞愧
     茫茫宇宙中,渺小的我们可能连沧海一粟都算不上(某人:废话,人家霍英东也只说自己宇宙中的一粒尘埃呢),但是那又怎样,人活一世能在自己关心的人心中留下印记也不往来这走一遭了,对吗?
     而对我来说, 心里不是空空的也就不会受寂寞的折磨。
 
 
以上是我早上起来后的胡言乱语,看得懂的就是到我在瞎款什么,不知道的人就当什么都没看到吧
15 November

我空间里歌曲的歌词,很喜欢这首歌的童声版

Let's dance in style,
Let's dance for a while
Heaven can wait,
We're only watching the skies
Hoping for the best
But expecting the worst
Are you going to drop the bomb or not
Let us die young or let us live forever
We don't have the power
But we never say never
Sitting in a sandpit,
Life is a short trip
The music's for the sad men
Can you imagine when this race is won
Turn our golden faces into the sun
Praising our leaders,
We're getting in tune
The music's played by the madmen

Forever young, I want to be forever young
Do you really want to live forever
Forever -- and ever

Some are like water
Some are like the heat
Some are a melody and some are the beat
Sooner or later, they all will be gone
Why don't they stay young
It's so hard to get old without a cause
I don't want to perish like a fading horse
Youth's like diamonds in the sun
And diamonds are forever
So many adventures couldn't happen today
So many songs we forgot to play
So many dreams swinging out of the blue
We'll let them come true

14 November

Harry Potter and the Half-blood prince

          其实是不想传这篇的,但是看到这里是在是太空了,偶有难以想象的懒惰,
没写什么东西小声:其实是大脑太空了),就拿它来凑数了

Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince

                                                                                                                ----our payment for surprising endings

I. Author

J.K. Rowling, like that of her own character, Harry Potter, her life has the luster of a fairy tale. On a particularly long train ride from Manchester to London in the summer of 1990, the idea came to her of a boy who is a wizard and doesn't know it. He attends a school for wizardry--she could see him very plainly in her mind. By the time the train pulled into King's Cross Station four hours later, many of the characters and the early stages of the plot were fully formed in her head. Divorced with a Spanish journalist, living on public assistance in a tiny Edinburgh flat with her infant daughter, Rowling began to write Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone at a table in a cafe during her daughter's naps — and it was Harry Potter that rescued her.

II. Plot

    When Voldemort came back and rallied his fellows, the world of both muggles and wizards were facing destructive attacks. At the same time, Dumbledore paid all efforts to store the recollections bout Voldemort and showed them to Harry.   Moreover, under Harry’s successful acquisition of Slughorn’s memory, Dumbledore and Harry realized that Voldemort divided his soul into six parts and hided them in different objections which had deep relationships with himself: Marvolo’s ring, the diary, the locket, Hufflepuff’s cup, and something of Ravenclaw’s or of Gryffindor’s. Though they finally found out the locket, Dumbledore was heavily weakened by the curse on it. So although at last Harry has another narrow escape, Dumbledore was killed by Snap. When worse comes to the worst, the locket only turned out to be a fake! Eventually, the phoenix (Dumbledore’s pest) flied away and Harry accompanied by Ron and Hermione moved on again to kill Voldemort.

III. Thoughts on Harry Potter and Half-Blood Prince

I never think the creation of the wizard’s world can roll J.K. Rowling up to the summit of career. The new world may appeal to me when I started with Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone. But then I can’t resist the temptation to gulp all other Harry Potter as soon as possible, because my mind has never stopped guessing various reasonable endings which probably present us marvels. I am very glad to see the previous four books didn’t let me down for I have never predicted a right ending (and that’s really controversy). But the fifth book--Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix brought me home that it’s time that we would pay for expectation of surprises. The just-published book—Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince also convinced me of it by Dumbledore’s death!

Dumbledore is a highly typical character in Harry Potter. The half-moon spectacles and flowing silver hair, beard and moustache are his symbols from outside; the loving heart and intellectual mind are the halo of his character reflected from inside. No one other than Dumbledore could represent the spiritual pillar of the Bright side. Students respect him; the teaching faculties believe in him and rely on his leading; the Dark Lord registers him as the only competent opponent.

Thus, in my opinion, Voldemort should be killed by Dumbledore with the assistance of Harry Potter. So I can’t stand clapping the hands to my mouth when Snape raised his wand and pointed it directly at Dumbledore and cried ‘Avada Kedavra!’ How can I believe Dumbledore died, lying in the deserted meadow at the foot of the tallest tower of Hogwarts? But Rolling wrote, “he(Harry Potter) knew, without knowing how he knew it, that the phoenix had gone, and left Hogwarts for good, just as Dumbledore had left the school, had left the world…had left Harry.” It finally dawns on me that she won’t recall him to life just like Black (Harry’s godfather, dead at the end of Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix). During Dumbledore's funeral, Harry felt his adventure was ended. Death of his strongest protector left Harry in desperation and helpless. "There was no waking from his nightmare, no comforting whisper in the dark that he was safe really, that it was all in his imagination." My heart sank into the infinitive darkness because the symbol of hope passed away.

IV. Our Payment for Surprising Endings

I spent the whole holidays of National Celebration reading this book and to my surprise I finished it at 1AM on the morning of 7th. Then I threw the book to somewhere with rage, for such ending spoiled my holiday. Some days later, however, when I have to write a book report on it, the cover with big blond title on it—“Harry Potter” lightened my heart. I almost forgot that the hero of the book is Harry Potter. Dumbledore, from any aspect, is no more than a supporting role in this series. It is uncontroversial that Voldemort must be beaten by Harry Potter with the help of Dumbledore. And it is Dumbledore’s death that brings the two little friends Hermione and Ron to the spotlights. There is no doubt that they will accompany Harry on the rest of the unpredicted and uneasy journey.

Then, I have to acknowledge that I was too much influenced by the heroism of the Americans. I believe there should be a powerful leader supported by his fellows to win the battle against evils and even if he has to die, he should fall down in the suicide attack. Dumbledore is exactly the hero in my mind. But this book is written by J.K.Rowling who was born in Britain not the U.S. She dropped a hint from the first book that only love can help them rout Voldemort. It is the love from parents, friends, teachers and many other people who care for Harry. Therefore, watching someone Harry loved being buried in the dust also gave him courage and power. Alhough Dumbledore died, his spirit will go on. It opens a brand new prospect for readers.

It seems that J.K Rowling always knows how to enchant her readers with a good hope after dismay. So on a second thought, I regard the surprises worth paying for, because I am highly curious about and eagerly anticipate for the last book in this series. I don’t want to make any wild guess about the ending, for I believe that J.K.Rowling will not let us down. She will give us the most incredible yet most impressive one, as she never fails to surprise her readers. I just hope that the loss of Dumbledore should be the end of so much sadness; otherwise I won’t be able to afford the last surprising ending.

                                                        

 

 

纪念,呵呵,为长征,也为咱要成为正式党员了

万里长征星火传

    在上个世纪三十年代里,有这样一个群体:他们用双脚丈量世界,用身躯播撒希望;每个人都为着积贫积弱的祖国甘愿付出自己的青春激情和梦想;不惜与最严苛的自然环境对抗:雪山,草地,激流,湍河,敌人的追击,内部的整顿,上空的敌机,脚下的铁索……他们在宏广的世界面前用生命向一切宣告——有一种精神,比永恒还要不朽!美国的《时代》周刊将这壮举收录到了《人类1000年》中,称之为过去1000年中“影响人类文明发展进程”的100件大事之一!这个群体就是中国工农红军,这个壮举就是七十年前的中国二万五千里长征!

七十年,一段不长不短的时间,长得足以让一个人的生命由襁褓走向棺木;却又短得不能让任何沧海变成桑田。然而,回望那一段烽火硝烟的日子,每个人的心中又有多少感慨万千呢。当所有往事都在那片战火弥漫之中渐渐清晰,某种坚持让在波光潋滟中求索的我们又一次感动。

抚摸一个个地名——遵义,赤水,大渡河……每一个并不起眼的称呼后有着怎样的惊心动魄,安逸和平中的我们也许已经很难想象,但是这并不妨碍我们用一种敬仰去体会去抚触那一段历史。每一刻都是那么让人震撼,让人深思和反省。星星之火可以燎原。怎样赤诚的心才能让那星火越烧越旺,越扑越猛?怎样的坚持才能让共产主义在两万五千里后传遍大江南北,生生不息?

身为大学生,肩负了多少希望和责任,青春年少的我们也许并没有多大的意识。也许和平了太久,安逸了太久,我们的肩膀似乎已经不能承担除了自己之外更多的分量。自私冷漠无责任感竟成了我们这一代的代名词。五光十色的世界让我们应接不暇。小小的心已经被那些轻灵有趣慢慢占据,那段历史好像是太沉重了,我们聪明的选择了回过头去。但是,七十年后,当那段历史静默在我们面前时,谁,又真的能选择沉默和回避呢?

事实上,长征带给我们的绝不仅仅是数字上的壮举,因为它并不是一开始就既定的。两万五千里中包含的是不计其数的突然袭击和化险为夷。前有大自然的恶意刁难,后有蒋介石的穷追不舍,四渡赤水,飞夺泸定桥……每一次的决定都透出置之死地而后生的决绝。

一张张照片把那段悲壮惨烈凝固成黑白的瞬间。穿越静态的照片,我似乎看到了十三根铁索下的滔滔江水,看到了高耸入云的雪山,看到了手挽手跌跌撞撞走过沼泽的工农红军们,也看到了红一方面军与红四方面军的胜利会师……一种难以描述的情绪喷发而出,从心底涌至全身,我不禁仰起头,努力让模糊的视线保持清晰。许久,当所有情绪沉淀下来,我听到了一个答案:“这就是信仰!我们仰望,我们敬佩,我们感动的就是这份共产主义的信仰!”

写到这里,我的心情不免五味杂陈--几番探寻,思索,我终于有所领悟,多少年来,一直苦苦思考的问题似乎已有所答案:我们比当年的父辈更成熟,某些想法甚至已经超越了他们的想象,但是我们的青春中恰恰缺乏了某种我们已对之怀抱不屑一顾的单纯的激情和信仰,一种对能够支撑人类未来的真理近似于执著的追求。当年燎原的星星之火决不能也不应该在这个极需要信仰的时代慢慢湮没。烟雨繁华之中,只要我们心中永存那段波澜壮阔的硝烟弥漫,相信我们的青春同样会让历史为我们骄傲。

19 Mai

pride and prejudice

Book Report of Pride and Prejudice

----female and education in 19-century Britain

Pride and prejudice is one of my favorite novels and I have read it in Chinese and watched its films. But all this cannot compare with the feeling of my finishing its original edition now. I learn that translational edition tells me the story while the original one teaches me the spirit!

The novel raise the problem of the inferior position allotted to women in early nineteenth-century country life. Mr. Bennet’s daughters cannot inherit his property because of the law, and they receive less schooling than do males of the landed gentry. For example:“Mr. Grandiner was a sensible, gentlemanlike man, greatly superior to his sister as well by nature as education.” Charlotte Lucas whom Elizabeth considers as one of the most sensible women in her world—the one who has the same sense of marriage as she insists—marries lesser men for fear of wearing the label “spinster”. Moreover women cannot work and thus are economically dependent upon men. That’s why Mrs. Bennet is engrossed in fancying her daughters marrying wealth men. And it’s also the reason that Lydia likes taking part in various parties--the whole county makes a fifteen-year-old girl proud of her “butterfly” reputation. But even in the home, the father—Mr. Bennet controls the money and holds ultimate authority. In a word, in early nineteenth-century country life “the success” of women is defined solely in terms of marriage and domestic affairs.

With regard to all these, Jane Austen portrays a remarkable female character with whom generations of readers have fallen in love. Elizabeth is a girl who possesses intelligence, kind heart, confidence and above all rare independence. She declines Mr. Collins’s marriage offer despite her mother’s outrage; she indignantly criticizes Charlotte’s treason to a true love marriage; she angrily rejects Darcy’ condescending proposal in the novel’s most stunning scene. A twenty-three-year-old girl should undertake inconsiderable public pressures to insist on such independence of marriage. Besides she likes reading and always has deep point of view on everything, quite different from ether her elder sister’s blinding kindness or other sisters’ superficiality; she worries about Lydia and other sisters’ foolery in spite of their disrespect. After having married Darcy, she forgives his aunt’s scorn on herself and even wittily makes her husband accept his aunt again. Austen makes Elizabeth who is against all the inferior definitions on female receive a perfect marriage, contrary to those mercenary ones. It is obviously reveals that Austen’s mind is furious against the unequal allotment to women and the ill-opinion of marriage.

Comparing with her sister, Lydia is very unfortunate for she ends up living joylessly with her indifferent husband, always moving about and never financially secure. Lydia’s tragedy, besides the unfair treatment of the society, also raises another ill phenomenon of that time—the family education. Mrs. Bennet, a garrulous and shortsighted woman, believes that her main business is to arrange for her children to marry rich or, at least, reputable gentlemen. As a result, she allows Lydia to take part in balls at such little age; she ignores Jane’s broken heart by repeatedly mentioning Mr. Bingley; she even looks forward that Elizabeth marries Mr. Collins at the thought of remaining her husband’s estates. It is so ridiculous when she says:” My dear Mr. Bennet, you must not expect such girls to have the sense of their father and mother. ” Mr. Bennet, a genial wit, refuses to support his wife’s schemes but rarely hinders them. He teaches his daughters not to respect their mother, and just makes jokes and ironies on the girls whenever they need parents’ guidance. He realizes the danger well if Lydia goes to Brighton, yet, he says: “We shall have no peace at Longbourn if Lydia does not go to Brighton. Let her go then!” To some extend, Mr. Bennet’s negligence is perhaps worse than Mrs. Bennet’s.

   Austen shows the family as the fundamental unit of society, with which children educated in virtue. The failure of Mr. and Mrs. Bennet to take their parental duties seriously results in their daughter’s bitterness. Jane almost misses a good partner because of her mother’s favor of wealth (Darcy once misunderstood Jane’s character). I should say it’s a miracle for Jane and Elizabeth can appear well-educated and independent, far superior to Lydia.

    With regard to Austen’s introduction, the two problems are in fact referring to Austen’s own experiences. Jane Austen kept unmarried all her life, and even once refuses a man’s proposal because she doesn’t love him. In addition, Jane is educated by her father who graduated from Oxford University. Therefore, she has strong mind against many ill aspects of that society and can deeply expose the root of them.

Pride and prejudice is the very novel that I need to read several times, and then we can understand parts of the themes behind various balls, meetings and letters. I enjoyed myself very much when I was engrossed in Austen’s refreshing description, absorbing plot, charming characters and at last the deep thoughts of her society. There are too much that I want to say, but please forgive me for my poor capability to express them out-- something that I cannot precisely catch now. It may because I could not fully comprehend the novel. So I will read the original edition more times in order to make full understanding of this novel and Jane Austen.